Veneer furnace wall construction



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VENEER FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 17, 1965 8 Sheets-$heet 1 INVENTOR Lew S. Longenecker 111 HIS rro/e/vers L. s. LONGENECKER 3,328,014

VENEER FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION June 27, 1967 8 Sheets Sheet 2- F'iled March 17, 1965 llllll a //V VE/V TOR Law 5. Longenecker HIS A TTOR/VE Y .S

' June 7. 1967 s. LONGENECKER VENEER FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 17, 1965 INVENTOR Lew S. Longenecker J1m 1967 L. s. LONGEYNECLKER 3,328,014

VENEER FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 17, 1965 Y v s Sheets-Sheet 4 g v INVENTOR, Law 5. L'onges'necke'r firms ATTORNEYS,

J1me 1967 r L. s. LONGENECKER VENEER FURNACE WALL CCNSTRUCTION 8 Sheets -Sheet 5 Filed March 17, 1965 lFlallIllll-lllllllll IIOIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIII| I I J I I In 0 J ll.

INVENTOR. Law 5. Langenecker H/5. ATTORNEYS June 27, 1967 s. LONGENECKER 3,328,014

VENEER FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 17, 1965 I 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR. L e v/ S. L on genec/rer HIS ATTORNEYS June 7, 19 L; s. LONGENECKER 3,328,014

VENEER FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 17, 1965 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 IN VEN TOR. Law 5. Langenecker HIS A TTOR/VE Y5 J 27, 1967 1.. s. LQNGENECKER 3,328,014

' VENEER FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 17, 1965 8 Sheets-Sheet a v Lew .5. Longenec/rer Fig.25 W

HIS A TTORNE Y5 United States Fatent G 3,328,014 VENEER FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Levi S. Longeuecker, 61 Mayfair Drive, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15228 Filed Mar. 17, 1965, Ser. No. 440,381 24 Claims. (Cl. 263-46) This invention relates to a furnace wall structure and particularly, to an improved wall construction suitable for a suspended adjustable furnace back wall, such as employed in glass tanks or furnaces.

One phase of the invention deals with providing a furnace wall that will be easy to maintain and that will have an improved overall operating life. Another phase deals with providing a furnace wall having tile r-ows provided with veneer, facing block or tile employed in an aligned relation with back-up tile and in which respective desirable properties of the veneer and back-up tile members may be utilized in the most effective manner.

An object of my invention has been to devise a new and improved furnace wall construction that may be employed as an adjustable back wall for withstanding rigorous usage, such as encountered in high temperature glass plant operations;

Another object has been to make practical the utilization of veneer tile having low porosity and high mass or density for resisting fiuXes and vapors coming from a batch melting operation and to provide an effective method of mounting and supporting them in position in cooperation with back-up tile;

A further object of my invention has been to devise an improved wall construction that will provide a practical utilization and bonded support or suspension of veneer tile;

A further object of my invention has been to devise an improved hanger utilization for a refractory furnace back wall that incorporates veneer tile therewith;

A still further object of my invention has been to devise an overall improved furnace wall construction in which veneer tile are employed.

These and other objects of my invention will appear to those skilled in the art from the illustrated embodiment and the claims.

In the drawings, FIGURE 1 is a side view in elevation and partial section taken through a mid or central portion of a furnace wall construction employing my invention;

FIGURE 2 is a fragmental side view on the scale of FIGURE 1 taken from an end of the furnace wall construction;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmental back end view in elevation on the scale of FIGURES 1 and 2 and taken along the line IIIIII of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 4 is a section in elevation on the scale of FIGURES 1 to 3, inclusive, and taken longitudinally of the furnace wall along the line IV-IV of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 5 is a section in elevation on the scale of FIGURE 4 and taken longitudinally of the furnace wall along the line V-V of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 5A is a fragmental view on the scale of and similar to FIGURE 5 showing a modified construction wherein one tile row has back-up tile of shorter depth and veneer tile of greater depth than corresponding tile of adjacent rows;

FIGURE 6 is a fragmental isometric view on the scale of FIGURES 1 to 5 showing a fragment of the tile assembly illustrated in FIGURE 5; this view is taken along the line VI VI of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 7 is a fragmental front view in elevation on the scale of and taken along the line VIIVII of FIG- URE 1 with a front plate enclosure removed;

FIGURE 8 is a fragmental back end view in elevation "ice of a vertical part of the wall construction of FIGURE 1, illustrating supporting metal framework and hanger castings; it is on a slightly reduced scale with respect to FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 9 is a fragmental view in elevation taken from the inside of the wall construction of FIGURE 1 and on a reduced scale with respect thereto; this view illustrates the appearance of the inside of the furnace wall from its lower nose portion upwardly, as viewed from above What would normally be the doghouse of a glass furnace;

FIGURE 10 is a side view in elevation on an enlarged scale with respect to FIGURE 1, showing details of the construction of a nose or apron hanger bracket or cast FIGURE 11 is a fragmental top plan view on the scale of FIGURE 10 and of the nose hanger casting of such fi ure;

FIGURE 12 is a front view in elevation on the scale of and illustrating the nose hanger casting of FIGURE 10; this view is taken from the right of FIGURE 10;

FIGURE 13 is an enlarged plan view showing a latching mount that is employed with the hanger casting of FIGURES 10 to 12 for mounting it on the bottom flange of the metal framework structure, see FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 14 is a greatly enlarged fragmental section taken along the line XIVXIV of FIGURE 10;

FIGURE 15 is an enlarged sectional detail taken along the line XVXV of FIGURE 10;

FIGURE 16 is an enlarged isometric view in elevation showing a form of hanger employed for suspending backup or main tile of the construction of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 17 is a view on the scale of and similar to FIGURE 16 illustrating a hanger that is employed alternately with the hanger of FIGURE 16 in suspending main or back-up tile of the construction of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 18 is an enlarged isometric view in elevation showing the construction of tile members E of FIG- URE 1;

FIGURE 19 is an elevation on the scale of and showing the construction of an opposite wide side face of the tile of FIGURE 18;

FIGURE 20 is an isometric view in elevation on the scale of FIGURES 18 and 19 and showing the construction of tile members I of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 21 is an elevation on the scale of and showing the construction of an opposite wide side face of the tile of FIGURE 20;

FIGURE 22 is an isometric view in elevation on the scale of FIGURES 18 to 21 and showing the construction of tile members L of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 23 is an isometric view in elevation on the scale of FIGURES 18 to 22 illustrating the construction of facing or veneer tile F of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 24 is an isometric view in elevation on the scale of FIGURE 23 illustrating the construction of row end facing or veneer tile F of FIGURE 9;

And, FIGURE 25 is an isometric view in elevation on the scale of FIGURE 24 illustrating the construction of veneer tile H of FIGURE 1.

In the wall construction illustrated in the drawings, I have shown an outer or back metal framework support structure which, through the agency of metal hanger brackets or castings and metal hangers, supports an inner refractory lining. The entire structure may be adjustable vertically over or with respect to a doghouse or charging bay, such as illustrated in FIGURE 1 of my Patent No. 3,045,994. The metal structure provides or defines an upper or primary wind box 18 which extends horizontally or longitudinally along the back of the furnace and is supplied with cooling air through suitable ducts 17. A lower wind chamber or box encloses a series of transversely spaced-apart, backwardly-projecting nose or apron hanger brackets or castings 20 and receives cooling air, as indicated by the arrows of FIGURE 1, from the wind box 18.

As shown particularly in FIGURE 1, the back Wall of my construction, and particularly the refractory lining, is adapted to cooperate with a conventional roof 10 of the furnace and to be sealed-off with respect thereto by sealing blocks or tile members M. I-beam members 11 and the channel member 12 are all rigidly secured together and mounted on a lower cross-extending I-beam 14 to define inner reaches of a fully vertical part 37 of the wall construction. Angle piece members 13 are secured to the top flanges of the I-beams 11 and 14 for receiving upper latching ends or mounting lugs 35b of a vertically-positioned series of transversely spaced a art hanger brackets or castings 35 which may be of a conventional construction shown in FIGURE of my above-mentoned patent. It will be noted that each vertical hanger casting 35 is adapted to removably latch-over an adjacent angle piece 13 for suspending it in the manner shown in FIGURE 1. Each casting 35 also has a lower, tile-supporting, inwardly-projecting shelf or foot portion 35a to engage within the refractory wall.

Lowermost I-beams 14 and 15 of the metal frame structure have an opposed and spaced relation with each other and are adapted to define the primary wind box or chamber 18 which extends therealong. One or more ducts 17 are secured by angle-shaped annular flanges 17a on a top closure plate member 19 and on the bottom flange of the channel beam 12 to deliver cooling air from a suitable source to the wind chamber 18. It will be noted that the plate member 19 and the bottom flange of the channel member 12 rest upon and are secured to top flanges of the spaced-apart I-beams 14 and 15 to close-off the top portion of the wind box 18. The side portions of the wind box are closed-off by the web portions of the beam members 14 and 15 and longitudinal end portions are closed-off, as shown in FIGURE 2, by end plate members 39. The bottom portion of the wind box 18 is partially closed-off by inner portions of the bottom flanges of the beam members 14 and 15 to define a central opening therebetween through which the cooling air may, as shown by the arrows of FIGURE 1, move downwardly into the secondary or lower wind box or enclosure 40 which, in effect, encloses apron or nose hanger brackets or castings 20.

The construction of each nose bracket 20 is further and particularly illustrated in FIGURES to 12, inclusive. Each bracket or casting 20 has a top horizontal flange 21 that, at its back end, carries a reinforcing flange 22 on which a latching mount 23 (see FIGURE 13) is removably-secured by bolt and nut assemblies 23a (see FIGURE 1). As shown particularly in FIGURE 1, the latching bracket 23 is secured in position on the flange 21 to removably latch-engage the outer portion of the bottom flange of back or outer I-beam member of the spaced pair 14 and 15.

The back end of the apron bracket has a verticallyextending framing flange 24 for a vertically-extending plate-like wall 25. It will be noted that the wall 25, in effect, provides a web connection from the top flange 21 and the back flange 24 to a bottom hanger-receiving box or channel-like portion 26. The portion 26 is of round angle-shape and extends or slopes downwardlybackwardly along the wall 25. As shown particularly in FIGURE 12, the portion 26 has a longitudinally-extending, T-shaped slot portion 26a therealong which is open downwardly and endwise to slidably and removably receive tile supporting hangers, such as 50, 51 and 52 of FIGURE 1.

FIGURES 16 and 17 illustrate the hangers 50 and S2, and the hanger 51 of FIGURE 1 is the same as the hanger 50 of FIGURE 17, except that the leg portions slightly slope or diverge outwardly to accommodate or receive wedge-shaped tile or blocks, such as B and G of 4 FIGURE 1. As shown in FIGURE 10, the box-like bottom portion 26 of the apron bracket or casting 20 is also provided with spaced-apart side windows or openings 2612 on its opposite sides for facilitating cooling air circulation therethrough. The back end of the box-like portion 25 is provided with a cross-extending mounting bracket 27 which is adapted, as shown in FIGURES 1 and 7, to serve as a mounting for an end clamp or heel plate member 48 that is employed to abut against an end or lowermost back tile A of the apron or nose tile part 37 of the refractory wall.

As shown particularly in FIGURES 1 and 10, an inclined baflle plate member 30 is centrally-disposed along the vertical wall portion 25 of each nose bracket 20 to project across the spacing between adjacent apron or nose bracket members 20 for directing the flow of cooling air, as illustrated by the arrows of FIGURE 1, downwardly-backwardly along upper reaches of the members 20, forwardly-upwardly along lower reaches of such members, and upwardly between the metal support structure and the vertical hanger castings 35. A pivot pin 31 projects from the vertical plate member or portion 25 for supporting the upper end portion of the baffle 30 thereof. A cross-extending, angle-shaped, tie bracket 32 is secured on the wall 25, see also FIGURE 14, for supporting the back or lower end portion of the baflle 30. It will be noted that the bracket 32 has portions extending from opposite sides of the wall portion 25; such portions are provided with a notch or groove 32a to receive a tie wire 34. The tie wire, as shown in FIGURES 1 and 10, has a wire loop that extends through openings c and f in the wall member or portion 25 to flexibly position the lower end portion of the baflle 30. The vertical wall 25 of each apron bracket 20 is shown as having open portions a, b, c, d and e therethrough for providing a cross movement of the cooling air along the secondary or lower wind box 40 between the sub-compartments that are, in effect, provided by each apron bracket or casting 20. The open portion or hole 1 is provided for the tying wire 32a.

Each hanger bracket or casting 35, in addition to being provided with an endwise-open, box-like, T -shaped, longitudinal slot therealong that is open along its inner side for slidably and removably-receiving hangers, has, as previously mentioned, a bottom shelf or foot portion 35a. The portion 35a projects forwardly therefrom towards and into the refractory wall to aid in supporting it through the agency of tile, such as K of FIGURE 1. The lower portions of each hanger bracket 35, except the lowermost bracket, are adapted to rest against the outer edge of the bottom flange of the channel members 11, while the lowermost bracket 35 is adapted to rest against a verticallyextending top flange 28 of the apron or nose bracket 20.

Referring to FIGURE 1, I have generally designated the upper or vertical part of the refractory wall as 36 and the lower apron or nose part as 37. The nose part 37 is made up of longitudinally or cross-extending tile rows having respectively blocks or tile members A, B, C, E, F and F, G and H. The refractory vertical wall part 36 is made up of longitudinally-extending tile rows having respectively blocks or tile members E, F and F, I, K and L. The tile K are filler tile. As shown, the tile K and L may be packed with an asbestos fiber and mortar mix 53 to provide expansion spacing in the construction of the upper part 36. Tile J are veneer tile of the same construction as veneer tile F, except that they are of greater thickness to cooperate with spacerback-up tile I. The spacer tile I are back-up tile of the same general construction as back-up tile E, except that they are of greater thickness and do not have latching slots and recess portions corresponding to 67, 68, 69 and 69a of FIGURE 18; also, its one side face corresponding to face 62 is smooth or planar, although its opposite wide side face is provided with a latching tongue corresponding to 61a. Back-up tile L is of the same general construction as tile E, except that its one side face corresponding to face 6 1 is smooth or planar, although its opposite wide side face is provided with a latching groove corresponding to 62a, also, its wide side faces do not have a pair of latching slots and recesses corresponding to 69 and 69a.

As shown in FIGURE 1, the lower wind box is provided along the apron or nose hanger brackets or castings 20 by means of a back end, plate-like closure construction 40. A top member or portion 41 of the closure 40 is bolted to an angle piece 16 that is secured to extend along the web of the bottom I-beam member 15. The top member 41 projects backwardly from the beam in a spaced relation above the castings and is secured to vertical back plate members 42, 43 and 44, all of whose flanges are bolted-together for completing the assembly of the construction 40. It will be noted that lower plate member 44 has an in-turned lower end to engage within an inset portion of the heel plate members or brackets 48. Each assembly 4t) also has end closure plates 45 at its opposite ends that project vertically thereof and close-off end portions of the partitioned, air-circulating lower chamber or air box, see particularly FIGURES 2 and 3. The assembly 40, at its ends, also has side-mounted tabs 46 that project therefrom for securing the assembly, as by bolt means 47, to lower web portions of the I-beam member pair 14 and 15.

Referring particularly to FIGURES 1 and 7, each end bracket or heel plate member 48 is adapted to engage or interfit with a back end portion of an associated lower or end refractory block or tile member A for supporting a vertical row of blocks endwise. With reference to FIG- URE 7, the heel plate 48 is of the same general construction as shown in my Patent No. 3,045,944, see particularly FIGURE 11, and is removably-secured to the back end mounting flange 27 of an associated nose bracket 20 by bolts 49. The end tile A of full depth correspond to the general construction of the corresponding end tile of FIGURE 11 of the patent. As shown in FIGURE 7, each tile A has a lower, T-shaped, latching slot 54 on its back face to receive a T-shaped latching leg portion 48a of the heel plate 48, and has an upper, inwardly-offset or steplike back face portion provided with a T-shaped slot 55 for receiving a T-shaped latching leg 50b of a hanger 50, such as shown in FIGURE 17.

The front wide face of the block A is provided with a tree-shaped, centrally-positioned, latching groove that terminates at its inner end in an I-shaped latching slot, corresponding to the construction shown in FIGURE 13 of my above-mentioned patent. The I-shaped slot is adapted to receive the leg portion 500 of U-shaped hanger of FIGURE 17 and the tree-shaped groove is adapted to receive a complementary tree-shaped tongue projection on the opposed face of an adjacent full depth block B.

The blocks B of FIGURE 1 correspond exactly in construction to the blocks shown in FIGURES 12 to 14 of my above-mentioned patent, except that their opposed wide faces incline backwardly towards their hanger-receiving ends to provide a wedge-shaped construction. Like the blocks of the patent, they also have narrow side or edge faces provided with alternate latching grooves and tongues that have a complementary interfit with corresponding narrow side faces of blocks of the same transverse tile row. Full length block or tile C are the same construction as the block B, except that they are rectangular or of uniform thickness throughout;

they are of the general construction shown in FIGURES 12 to 14 of my above-mentioned patent.

It will be noted from FIGURE 1 that the first four vertical rows of tile, represented by A, B and C, are of a full length or depth construction, in that they are located at the bottom of the slope and serve as a protective zone between the conventional water cooler and the veneer part of the wall. As shown in FIGURE 1 of my above-mentioned patent, the water cooler is normally positioned adjacent the end tile A. Back-up or main tile as well as the full length tile of my construction may be made from Zirmul or Tamul materials in which the particles of the material are bonded together by a plastic refractory and then burned at a sufficiently high temperature to weld all the particles together into a solid shape. Tamul is a trademarked material sold by Charles Taylor and containing mullite grains, and Zirmul is a material containing Zirconium oxide. Due to the porosity and fluffiness of the particles, the rate of heat conductivity through the refractory tile is quite low. This makes the outer part of the wall a good heat insulator. Tile of such a construction have a good load-carrying strength and have excellent resistance to spalling under temperature changes.

Veneer tile, which in accordance with my invention are used beyond the four mentioned, full length back end rows, may be formed by a fusion cast process, in which the refractory material is first melted and then pored into molds. Here, the porosity or density is substantially zero and the body or mass is very dense. This gives a tile of high heat conductivity, but having a tendency to crack or spall when subjected to rapid temperature changes. However, due to their density, such tile make an excellent inside facing for resisting fluxes and vapors coming from the melting operation.

In accordance with my invention, I provide tile combination rows having a dense inner facing refractory portion and a strong load-carrying outer or back refractory portion with good insulating qualities, in such a manner as to give an ideal overall wall construction for high temperature utilizations. The inner facing or veneer tile and the cooperating outer or back-up tile are pro vided with complementary interfitting latching knobs, tongues or tabs of somewhat rounded section, see particularly FIGURES 4, 5 and 6, such that the veneer tile will loosely interfit with the back-up tile in a staggered relation along each longitudinal row. Spacing along sides of the tabs at back end faces of the veneer tile provide grooves for loosely receiving forward end tabs of the back-up tile (see FIGURES 4 and 5). It will be noted that the seams, interstices or joints between adjacent veneer tile of a transverse tile row are staggered with respect to the seams, interstices or joints between backup tile, so as to provide a good sealed-off wall construction.

The veneer tile are arranged in separate compartments or chambers in somewhat of an egg crate arrangement, longitudinally of the furnace and are not stacked on each other. This enables the positioning of each facing or inner veneer tile in a completely supported relation in a separate chamber, with clearance on all four of its sides. Since the preferable material for the veneer tile is weak from the standpoint of weight support, the construction illustrated in FIGURES 4 to 6 provides an ideal construction in which the individual properties of the facing tile and the back-up tile are utilized in combination, so that their undesirable properties are, in effect, negated.

As shown in FIGURE 1, I employ alternate central and corner hangers in order to suspend all the back-up tiles of the staggered construction; that is, I alternate the use of'hangers, as shown in FIGURES 16 and 17. In FIGURES 18 to 22, inclusive, I have illustrated typical back-up tile of my construction, and in FIGURES 23 to 25, I have illustrated typical facing or veneer tile. FIGURES 18 and 19 showthe construction of main or back-up tile of my wall construction, such as represented by the tile E of FIGURE 1, and also as represented by tile 60 of the modification of FIGURE 5A when the tile is given a shortened depth or length. In FIGURES l8 and 19, tile or block 60 has opposed wide faces 61 and 62 that are provided with tree-like tongues and grooves, one wide face 61 having side tongue or projetcing portions 61a, and the opposite or other wide side portion 62 having a central tree-like groove portion 62a. This enables an interlatching fitting of adjacent tile of the same vertical row, as illustrated in FIGURES 4 to 6. Opposed narrow side or edge faces 63 and 64 have alternate tongues and grooves therealong that are staggered with respect to the opposed sides, in order that each tile member may have a complementary edge or narrow side interlatching relation with adjacent members along the same transverse tile rowv Each tile 60 also has a front end latching knob, tongue or tab 65 that is adapted to interlatch with a complementary back end knob portion of a veneer tile of the same transverse tile row. It will be noted that the knob portion 65 has a reverse, re-entrant or converging slope towards the main body of the tile so as to give it an effective latching action. The back end face 66 of the tile 60 is shown as planar and as having a group of latching grooves open thereto and extending along the opposed wide side faces. Central or mid latching groove or slot 67 of T-shape projects along the wide side face 61 to receive a corresponding T-shaped latching leg 50b of a hanger corresponding to the hanger 50 of FIG- URE 17. An opposite I-shaped latching slot 68 extends along the opposite wide side face 62 for receiving the 16g 500 of the hanger 50. A treeshaped latching tongue 62a extends to the slot 68 on the face 62. In addition, a pair of L-shaped latching slots 69 are positioned on the wide side face 61 adjacent opposed narrow side faces of the tile and in a spaced relation on opposite sides of T-shaped slot 67 and have inwardly-projecting feet or recess portions 69a to receive a pair of latching leg portions 52c and foot portions 52d of a hanger, such as 52 of FIGURE 16. The tile G of FIGURE 1 are of the same general construction as to tile E, except that their narrow sides are tapered.

FIGURES 20 and 21 illustrate the construction of filler backing block, such as I of FIGURE 1 of the drawings. This block has been designated as a whole as 70. Its one wide side face 71 is provided with tree-shaped, side tongue or projecting portions 71a and its opposed wide side face 72, as shown in FIG. 21, is planar or smooth. Like the block 667, its narrow side or edge faces 73 and 74 are provided with alternate interlatching tongues and grooves and it has a knob, tongue or tab 75 at its forward end for interlatching with facing or veneer tile.

The tile or block of FIGURE 22 has been designated as 80 and represents back-up tile L of FIGURE 1. As will be noted, its one wide side face 81 is planar or smooth and is provided with a T-shaped, centrally-disposed, latching slot 87 which is open to its back end 86 to receive a corresponding T-shaped latching leg or arm, such as 50b of the hanger 50 of FIGURE 17. The opposite wide side face 82 has a central I-shaped slot 68 and a treeshaped latching tongue thereon. The -I-shaped slot 88 is open to its end face 86 to receive the latching leg 50c of the same type of hanger 50. It will be noted that the wide side face 82 of tile or block 80 is identical in construction to the side face 62 of the tile 60 shown in FIGURE 19. The tile or block '80, along its narrow side faces or edges 83 and 84 has alternate tongues and grooves and its front end face is provided with a latching knob, tongue or tab 85.

In FIGURE 23, I have illustrated a veneer block or tile 90 which represents the tile F of FIGURE 1 and when given a shortened length, the tile F. It will be noted that the wide side faces of this block are planar and that it has a latching knob, tongue or tab 95 projecting from its back end face. The tile 90 of FIGURE 24 is of the same general construction as the tile of FIGURE 23, except that it is provided with an extending groove-defining portion 98' on one of its narrow side faces and with a side projection 96' on the opposite narrow side face thereof which, itself, has a half 97 of a latching knob, tongue or tab. This represents a tile of FIGURE 1 which is an end tile of a transverse line or assembly of veneer or facing tile.

In FIGURE 25, I have shown a veneer tile which is the same as the tile of FIGURE 23, except that its narrow sides 93" and 94" are tapered for use with tapered back-up blocks in the nose or apron part 37 of the wall construction. This tile corresponds to the tile H of FIGURE 1. The latching tab 95" of the tile of FIGURE 25 corresponds with the tab 95 of tile of FIGURE 23.

In FIGURE 5A of the drawings 1 have shown a modified type of, construction which contemplates the employment of an assembly of transverse back-up and veneer (combination) tile rows in which an intermediate tile row between adjacent tile rows will have a back-up tile member 60' of slightly shorter depth and a veneer tile 90" of slightly longer depth than adjacent transverse tile rows, such as represented by the row of FIGURE 5. This provides a further strengthening of the construction and particularly, from the standpoint of the support of the inner or veneer tile of the transverse tile rows which extend in progression vertically or longitudinally of the furnace wall in the refractory lining assembly. However, as illustrated by a comparison of FIGURES 4 and 5, see also FIGURES 1, 2, 6 and 9, end joints between back end faces of the veneer tile and front end faces of the back-up tile of each transverse row, not only have a staggered relation with respect to each other along the same or corresponding tile row, but also have a staggered relation with respect to opposed back-up and veneer tile along adjacent combination tile rows. This type of assembly assures that the joints between the narrow side faces of the veneer tile as well as the joints along the narrow side faces of the back-up tile line of a given combination row are closed-off with respect to the tile members of adjacent rows, but also substantially assures, due to the different depths of different portions of the same tile members, that the end joints between the back-up and the veneer tile lines of a given row are substantially closed-off by the tile members of adjacent combination rows. However, by employing the modification of FIG- URE 5A, a full closing-off of the end joints is assured.

In both types of constructions, the Zigzag shape of the bodies of the veneer tile, see FIGURES 23, 24 and 25, and the staggering of them in one row with respect to an adjacent row, in effect, as illustrated in FIGURE 6, enables the back-up tile of adjacent rows to define or provide compartments for supporting the veneer tile of an intermediate row. As illustrated particularly in FIG- URES 1, 2, and 4 to 6, inclusive, clearance spacing is provided between the narrow side edges of the veneer tile of each row, between the back end faces of the veneer tile of each row and the associated back-up tile of the same tile row, and between wide side faces of the veneer tile and the supporting tile of adjacent rows, in order that the veneer file may expand and contract in their supported relation in the tile assembly. In this connection, the back-up tile may be provided with a slightly greater thickness than the veneer tile of a corresponding row. It will also be noted that the tongue and groove interlatching connection between the veneer tile line of one tile row and the associated back-up tile of the same row is of relatively loose type so as to provide clearance in the latching joints therebetween. The type of assembly wherein the tile members having interlatching joints may be termed a bonded construction.

The suspension or support of veneer tile is effected or accomplished by a zigzag type of connection with back-up tile of the same row that is made possible by the use of centrally-disposed latching tabs on the end faces of both the veneer and back-up tile that are inwardly re-entrant towards the corresponding end of the tile, and that provide corresponding groove portions from the particular tab at the same end of the tile and towards its narrow side faces. By employing transverse or horizontal tile rows, I have been able to provide a so-called bonded assembly of such a nature that I eliminate the need for mortar or 9 cement in the joints between the veneer tile, as would otherwise be necessary if the rows extended longitudinally or vertically of the back wall. In the latter situation, the veneer tile would tend to pivot downwardly, thus producing a shear force across their relative weak body structure; thus, it would be essential to provide mortar between the joints to hold them in place.

In accordance with my construction, I eliminate the need for mortar and permit or allow veneer tile to expand and contact from the standpoint of the clearance spacing provided between veneer tile of one row and tile of adjacent rows. Thus, instead of a longitudinal vertical slot, I provide individual supporting pockets for each veneer tile. The staggering of the tile, as shown, is of a type that permits the joints between a pair of refractory tiles (back-up or veneer) to be aligned with the center of the body of adjacent tile and in such a manner as to make use of a substantially uniform Width of tile. The staggered interlocking of the tile members and the transverse extension of the tile rows is highly important in providing maximum strength in the assembly and without setting up stress zones or areas across the bodies of the individual tile members due to a temperature gradient.

While I have disclosed specific structures and embodiments to illustrate my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from its spirit and scope, as indicated by the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A refractory tile lining construction for a melting furnace which comprises, an assembly of transverse refractory tile rows with the tile of each row having opposite narrow side faces in an interconnected and aligned relation with each other along an associated tile row, tile of each row having a pair of opposed wide side faces in an interconnecting relation with wide side faces of tile of adjacent tile rows, at least one tile row having a forward group of veneer tile along its inner reaches and a backward group of back-up tile along its outer reaches in an endwise-interconnected relation with respect to each other, the back-up tile of said one row and the tile of a pair of adjacent rows being positioned to define a compartment forwardly of the back-up tile of said one tile row for supporting the veneer tile along inner reaches of the assembly.

2. A refractory tile lining construction as defined in claim 1 wherein, the veneer tile of said one row have clearance defining joints therebetween along said row and are positioned in a staggered relation with the backup tile of said one row whereby joints therebetween are staggered with respect to joints between the back-up tile, and the tile of the other rows are positioned in a staggered relation with respect to the tile of adjacent rows and said one row whereby the joints between the tile of each row are in a staggered relation with the tile members of adjacent rows of the assembly.

3. A refractory tile lining construction as defined in claim 2 wherein, the back-up tile of said one row have opposed narrow side faces of complementary tongue and groove interlocking construction for interfitting with each other, the back-up tile of said one row have complementary tree-shaped tongue and groove portions along their opposite wide side faces, and back tile members of the other tile rows of the assembly have wide side faces and narrow side faces of the defined construction of the back-up tile of said one row whereby the back tile of each row of the other rows of the assembly have an interfitting relation with each other along their narrow side faces and have a complementary interfitting relation along their wide side faces with tile of adjacent tile rows, including said one tile row.

4. In a melting furnace construction wherein an outer metal support structure carries an inner refractory lining in a suspended relation therefrom for closing-off the furnace, and an assembly of transversely-extending refractory tile rows are positioned in an adjacent relation to define a refractory lining having a longitudinal progression of rows along the metal support structure; hangers carried by the metal support structure and engaging outer reaches of the tile of said refractory tile rows for suspending them; at least one transverse refractory tile row comprising, a group of transversely-aligned back-up tile along outer reaches of said one row, a group of transversely-aligned veneer tile along reaches of said backup tile, loosely-cooperating interlatching portions between the tile of said veneer group and the tile of said back-up group for remova-bly-suspending the tile of said veneer group from the tile of said back-up group, and adjacent transverse refractory tile rows extending along opposite sides of said one row, with the tile of said adjacent rows being positioned to define a transverse compartment within which the tile of said veneer group are loosely supported,

5. In a melting furnace construction wherein an outer metal support structure carries an inner refractory lining in a suspended relation therefrom for closing-off the furnace, and an assembly of transversely-extending refractory tile rows are positioned in an adjacent relation to define a refractory lining having a longitudinal progression of rows along the metal support structure; hangers carried by the metal support structure and engaging outer reaches of the tile of said refractory tile rows for suspending them; at least one transverse refractory tile row comprising, a group of transversely-aligned back-up tile along outer reaches of said one row, a group of transversely-aligned shorter depth veneer tile along inner reaches of said back-up tile, and loosely-cooperating interlatching portions between the tile of said veneer group and the tile of said back-up group for removably-suspending the tile of said veneer group from the tile of said back-up group; and adjacent transverse refractory tile rows extending along opposite sides of said one row, with the tile of said adjacent rows positioned to define a transverse compartment within which the tile of said veneer group are loosely supported.

6. In a melting furnace as defined in claim 5 wherein, said hangers for said one transverse refractory row engage its said group of back-up tile centrally of the tile of said group, a transverse tile row that extends in an adjacent relation along a side of said one tile row has a group of transversely-aligned back-up tile along its outer reaches, and said hangers for said adjacent tile row engage its said group of back-up tile adjacent corners of the tile of said group.

7. In a melting furnace construction as defined in claim 5 wherein, transverse tile rows that extend in an adjacent relation along opposite sides of said one tile row are of the defined construction of said one row, and joints between the tile of said veneer and back-up groups of each of said adjacent rows are staggered with respect to joints between the tile of said veneer and back-up groups of said one row.

8. A melting furnace construction as defined in claim 7 wherein, the tile of said veneer groups of said adjacent transverse tile rows are of greater length than the tile of said veneer group of said one tile row, and the tile of said back-up group of said adjacent transverse tile rows are of shorter length than the tile of said back-up group of said one row.

9. A melting furnace construction as defined in claim 7 wherein, one group of said hangers are U-shaped and have a pair of latching feet engaging within one wide side face of a pair of adjacent tile of the back-up group of said one tile row, and a second group of said hangers are of U-shape and have a latching foot engaging within one wide side face of the back-up tile of said adjacent tile rows and having a latching leg positioned centrally along and within an opposed wide side face of the back-up tile of said one tile row.

10. In a melting furnace back wall for suspension along an open back end of a charging bay of a furnace and wherein the back wall has a metal support structure that carries a refractory lining in a suspended relation therefrom for closing-off the back end of the furnace, transversely spaced-apart nose castings carried by the support structure and projecting longitudinally of the back wall downwardly and backwardly away from the furnace, a longitudinal progression of transversely-extending refractory tile rows, a mounting portion along each of said nose castings extending in a downwardly and backwardly sloped relation away from the interior of the furnace, metal hangers projecting downwardly from and removably-positioned along said mounting portion and engaging tile of said refractory tile rows to suspend them from the support structure, said transverse tile rows being full length refractory tile from a back end of and along lower reaches of said nose casting, and said transverse tile rows upwardly from the full length refractory tile, each having an outer back-up tile group and an inner veneer tile group in an interlatching relation with each other.

11. A melting furnace back wall as defined in claim wherein, said veneer tile have tongue and groove portions at their back ends, and said back-up tile have substantially complementary groove and tongue portions at their forward ends to cooperate with the tongue and groove portions of said veneer tile for suspending said veneer tile along an associated transverse tile row.

12. A furnace back wall construction as defined in claim 10 wherein said transverse tile rows which have veneer and back-up tile have different depths of tile portions than opposed tile portions of transverse rows of tile.

13. A furnace back wall construction as defined in claim 10 wherein hangers along at least one transverse tile row which has back-up and veneer tile are of different construction and engagement with the tile than hangers along adjacent transverse rows which have back-up and veneer tile.

14. In a melting furnace back wall construction for suspension along an open back end of a charging bay of the furnace and wherein the back wall has a metal support structure that carries a refractory lining in a suspended relation therefrom for closing-off the back end of the furnace, vertically-positioned and transversely spacedapart hanger castings mounted along upper vertical reaches of the support structure and backwardly-positioned transversely spaced-apart apron hanger castings mounted along lower reaches of the support structure, a longitudinal vertical progression of transverselyextending tile rows, hangers cooperating with said hanger castings for suspending said tile rows from the support structure, back end and adjacent tile rows along lower reaches of said apron hanger castings having refractory tile members of full depth; upper tile rows beyond said lower tile rows along upper reaches of said apron hanger castings and along said vertical hanger castings each comprising, outer back-up refractory tile members and aligned inner veneer refractory tile members provided with interlatching portions for suspending the veneer tile members of each row in a clearance defining relation from the back-up tile members of the same row; each of said upper tile rows having the joints between their tile members staggered with respect to joints between the tile members of adjacent rows and defining transverse compartments for the veneer tile members of adjacent rows, and tile members of said upper rows that are carried by said apron hanger castings along forward reaches thereof being wedge-shaped and having a wedging-interfitting relation with adjacent tile rows longitudinally of the back wall to define a downwardly-outwardly sloped refractory wall along said apron hanger castings.

15. A furnace back wall construction as defined in claim 14 wherein, the metal support structure has transversely-extending members defining a wind box backwardly of the refractory lining and above said apron hanger castings for supplying cooling air, a lower compartment encloses said apron hanger castings transversely and endwise of the back wall, and said lower compartment is open to said wind box for receiving cooling air therefrom, and said apron hanger castings have baffle means for directing cooling air received from said wind box downwardly-backwardly along upper reaches of said apron castings and inwardly-upwardly along lower reaches of said apron hanger castings and upwardly between the support structure and said vertical hanger castings.

16. An improved refractory tile for a furnace wall construction which comprises, a refractory body having a pair of opposed wide side faces and a pair of opposed narrow side faces and a pair of opposed front and back end faces, a front end face of said body having a latching lug projecting centrally-forwardly therefrom and defining open portions on opposite sides thereof in the direction of said opposed narrow side faces, one wide side face having a tree-shaped latching groove portion thereon extending from its front end face therealong and converging towards its back end face, a central hanger-receiving slot portion extending from the end of said tree-shaped groove portion along said wide face into said back end face, the other wide side of said body having a tree-shaped tongue portion projecting therefrom and extending from said front end face towards the back end face for complementary engagement with the tree-shaped groove portion of an adjacent tile of the same construction, said other wide side face having a pair of spaced-apart hanger-receiving slotted portions extending from said back end face along said other wide face adjacent its opposite narrow side faces, each slotted portion of said pair of slotted portions having a recess at its terminus extending into said other wide side face, and a T-shaped hanger-receiving slotted portion extending from said back end face centrally along said other wide side face between said pair of slotted portions.

17. An improved refractory tile as defined in claim 16 wherein, the opposed narrow side faces of said body have complementary tongue and groove portions for interlatching with narrow side faces of adjacent tile of the same construction, and said latching lug has re-entrant side portions adjacent said front end face.

18. A refractory tile lining construction for a melting furnace which comprises, an assembly of transverse refractory tile rows with the associated tile of each tile row having a pair of opposite side faces in an abutting and aligned relation with each other therealong, the tile of each tile row having a second pair of opposite side faces, the tile of one tile row having their second pair of opposite side faces abutting with corresponding side faces of tile of a pair of adjacent tile rows, said one tile row having a forward group of veneer tile along its inner reaches and a backward group of back-up tile along its outer reaches in an endwise-positioned relation with respect to each other, the back-up tile of said one tile row having joints therebetween that are staggered with respect to joints between the tile of said pair of adjacent tile rows and being constructed to define with the tile of the adjacent tile rows a supporting compartment forwardly thereof for positioning the veneer tile along inner reaches of the assembly.

19. A refractory tile construction as defined in claim 18 wherein, said group of veneer tile have a clearance defining relation with respect to each other and with respect to each other and with respect to the back-up tile of said one row are staggered with respect to said group of veneer tile to close-off joints between said group of veneer tile towards outer reaches of the assembly.

20. A refractory tile construction as defined in claim 19 wherein, the back-up tile of said one row cooperatively define alternative tongue and groove portions along their inner reaches in said one row, and said group of veneer tile cooperatively define alternative groove and tongue portions along their outer reaches in said one row that are in a complementary interfitting relation with the tongue and groove portions of the back-up tile of said one row.

21. A refractory tile construction as defined in claim 18 wherein, said pair of adjacent tile rows have back-up tile in a staggered relation with respect to the back-up tile of said one tile row, and the back-up tile of said one tile row and of said adjacent tile rows define a substantially closed-01f supporting compartment for said group of the veneer tile.

22. A refractory tile construction as defined in claim 21 wherein, each back-up tile has opposed narrow side faces and opposed wide side faces, said one tile row and said pair of adjacent tile rows each have the narrow side faces of their associated back-up tile in an abutting and aligned relation therealong, and the back-up tile of said one tile row have their wide side faces in an abutting relation along the wide side faces of the back-up tile of said pair of tile rows.

23. A refractory tile construction as defned in claim 21 wherein, said pair of adjacent tile rows each has a forward group of veneer tile along its inner reaches in an endwise-position relation with respect to their associated back-up tile, and the group of veneer tile of said one tile row are positioned in a sidewise adjacent relation with the veneer tile of the group of said pair of adjacent tile rows and have joints therebetween that are staggered with respect to the joints between their associated back-up tile.

24. A refractory tile construction as defined in claim 23 wherein the back-up and veneer tile of said one tile row have different lengths than the back-up and veneer tile of at least one of said adjacent tile rows.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,586,859 6/1926 Strachota 110-1 1,992,620 2/1935 Johnson 1101 2,827,784 3/1958 Lambert 263-46 3,045,994 7/ 1962 Longenecker 26346 FOREIGN PATENTS 684,803 3/ 1930 France.

FREDERICK L. MATTESON, 1a., Primary Examiner.

JOHN I CAMBY, Examiner. 

1. A REFRACTORY TILE LINING CONSTRUCTION FOR A MELTING FURNACE WHICH COMPRISES, AN ASSEMBLY OF TRANSVERSE REFRACTORY TILE ROWS WITH THE TILE OF EACH ROW HAVING OPPOSITE NARROW SIDE FACES IN AN INTERCONNECTING AND ALIGNED RELATION WITH EACH OTHER ALONG AN ASSOCIATED TILE ROW, TILE OF EACH ROW HAVING A PAIR OF OPPOSED WIDE SIDE FACES IN AN INTERCONNECTING RELATION WITH WIDE SIDE FACES OF TILE ADJACENT TILE ROWS, AT LEAST ONE TILE ROW HAVING A FORWARD GROUP OF VENEER TILE ALONG ITS INNER REACHES AND A BACKWARD GROUP OF BACK-UP TILE ALONG ITS OUTER REACHES IN AN ENDWISE-INTERCONNECTED RELATION WITH RESPECT TO 